Picture and sound apparatus



FeB.' 10, 1942. Q WALD PICTURE AND soUNn APPARATUS Original Filed Nov.6, 1929y 5 Sheets-Sheet l vrW. W//anv me f 27 @,k, W g

Feb. 10,1942. G. wALD i PICTURE AND SOUND APPAATUS Original Filed Nov.6, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original IFiled NOv. G, 1929 Illlllx Fig- E.

, 5 J. ON m i /f WeW/ ff i LW O GMW, l/W/ www J L Feb. 10, 1942.l G.wALD PICTURE AND SOUND APPARATUS Original Filed Nov. 6, 1929 5Sheets-Sheet 4 lNVENTOR ear e am E .on n4 ATTORNEY Feb. 1o, 1942. y@.WALD Re. 22,025

PICTURE AND SOUND APPARATUS Original Filed Nov. 6, 1929 5 Sheets-SheetI5 fig- 11- y a c' Z.

Zan-205 /fbf j /aa-/of/rct Reieeued Feb. 1o, 1942 [UNITED STATES PATENT*o1-FICE 22,025 l PICTURE AND soUNn APPAaA'rUs Geerge wald, Fort freuen,N. Y.

Original No.

2,111,159, ylated March 15, 193s, serial No. 405,121, November s, 1929.

Application for reissue June 8, 1939, Serial No. 278,089

(Cl. Pls-5.6)

u 21 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for receiving, transmitting andreproducing imagesA and audible signals.

An object of the invention is to provide an ap paratus whereby imagesand audible signals may be received and transmitted over a single transvmission means, and reproduced concurrently.

Another object of the invention is to transyform an audible signal intoa light impulse and transmit the same, together with a light impulseproduced by an image over a conductor or radio carrier wave as, acombined signal and then reconvert said signal into an image producinglight impulse and a sound producing impulse projecting said, imageproducing light impulse so that it may be visibly seen and transforming'said sound producing impulse into an electric current variation which isreproduced as sound at the receiver.

The full advantages of the invention will be apparent from the followingdetailed description taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings,in whichg Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the circuits forreceiving and translating the audible and image signal.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the reflector of the audiblesignal translation device.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the screen disc televisor forreception of an image and-audible signal from a combined image andaudible reproducing signal film. i

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the current impulses producedby the audible signal.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the current impulses reproduced by theimage reflection; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of a sending device forreproducing the reflection of a natural image and primarily generatedaudible signal.

Fig. 'l is an illustration, in diagram form, of a modification of thesending apparatus employing a pair of scanning discs for separatelyreceiving and combining the image signal and the audi ble signal.

Fig. 8 is an apparatus constituting a modication of the sendingapparatus for receiving and transmitting an image and audible signalfrom a standard talking motion picture film.

Fig. 9 is 4a perspectiveview of a portion of the apparatus of Fig. 6. l

Fig, 10 is a diagrammatic view of another form of sending apparatusemploying a magnetic ray tilting televisor.

Fig. l1 is a diagrammatic view oa form of image signal and audiblesignal separator.

In order that the theory and operation of the apparatus may beunderstood, reference will be made. first to Fig. 3 of the drawings inwhich the sending or receiver portion of the apparatus is illustrated inits simplest form. In this view l indicates a scanning disc familiar tothe art of television. rotated at a predetermined spe d and scans theimage which, by known means, is reproduced at a receiver. The familiarscanning disc has a plurality of small openings 2 arranged in spiralform, each line of the image being scanned being traced by each rotationof the disc. In Fig. 3 it is assumed that by known mechanism a iilm,comprising image sections `3, an intermediate blank section 4 and anaudible signal section 5,

is passed across the face ofthe disc transversely of the'scanning discopenings. Inthe nlm assumed in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the image andaudible signals are synchronized in transverse alinement on the lfilm.As the film is actuated duringthe rotation of the scanning disc, it willbe understood that the current fluctuations in the photoelectric cell,influenced by the scanning disc, will vary in each line traced inresponse both to the image signal and the audible the photoelectric cellwill reproduce a current at the receiver proportionate to each line ofthe entire width of the film. The part of each line traced from a--breproduces a television currentwhich skips over the blank space 4 of thefilm, the portion from c-d reproducing an audible current signal. .Thesetwo signals, due to the current fluctuations in the photoelectric cell,may be transmitted on a single carrier wave or on a line conductor. 4

The signals thus sent over the carrier are received on the apparatus-diagrammatically shown in Fig. 1, in which the part R. F.is the normalradio frequency receiver of any known type which may be directlyconnected with the part marked A. F. or the audio frequency section ofthe receiving apparatus. With this normal receiver there is associatedfor connection any known form of television. receiver, which receivesand translates the current impulses generated by the television signal.Connected with this apparatus is a part marked A. R., or Audio signalreceiver, whereby the light ray current is translated into an audiosignal that is amplified by the usual audio frequency section of thereceiver.

The .impulses received in the television receiver This disc, it will beunderstood, is

- influence the gas filled cell 6 so that a light ray is transmittedtherefrom which includes both the image signal and the audible signalfor each vline traced at the sending apparatus. I'hat portion of the raythat is indicated by a'-b is reflected directly to a screen 1. The coneof the ray is intercepted so that it is broken into a portion c'd thatcorresponds to the audible signal. This portion of the ray is thrown ona. mirror 9 and is reflected by the mirror on the photoelectric cell 9of the audio receiver through the ray c-d". This produces a currentfluctuation in the photoelectric cell 9 which is sent through the audiofrequency circuit of the receiver, reproducr ing an amplified audiblesignal in the head phone or lud speaker device I connected with th audiofrequency circuit.

By reference to the diagrams of Figs. 4 and 5 the relationship of thecurrent impulses will be understood. In Fig. 4l the audible portion ofthe wave impulses is shown, and in Fig. the image portion of the waveimpulse is shown. By

comparing these views it will be understood that, from the standpoint oftime duration for each line traced, the audible signal occupiesonefourth of the time, whereas the image impulse occupies three-fourthsof the time. Due to the persistency of vision the interruption of thetranslated impulse is not perceptible to an observer. Likewise, theinterruption of the audible signal will not beobservable because therepetition of the signal is sufficiently continuous to reproduce thesignal with substantial continuity, becausethe signal is passed throughthe photoelectric cell 9 to the audible receiver in the form of headphones or loud speaker. The photoelectric cell may be so designed as tohave a lag, as likewise'there is a lag in the audio frequency so thateven through the audible signal is interrupted the final result will beone .in

which there is an apparent continuity of sound.

The sending and receiving apparatus thus described in its simplest formresults in provision for the apparent simultaneous transmission of soundand light by sending a chain of electrical impulses some influenced byimage or refiection and others by audible signals and the receptionthereof at a receiver, whereby theseparate signals are reproduced intheir component parts. Obviously, therefore, the invention is accom-Iplished in the apparatus in its simplest form. However, there arecertain factors requiring variation in the sending apparatus and also inthe receiving apparatus to reproduce the invention in its highest stateof efciency.

In Figs. 6 to 9 the principles disclosed are applied to the sending ofan image reflected from an object simultaneously with the primarygenerated audio signal. In Fig. 6 an image form Il is reflected on alens ,I2 and thrown on a scanning disc I3 which is mounted on a commonshaft I4 carrying a second scanning disc I5, the

' ytwo 'scanning discs operating in exact synchronism. 'I'he image fromthe object II is traced' -by-the scanning disc I3 and is thrown on a Theapparatus is so arphotoelectric cellv I6. ranged that one-fourth of thedistance between each pair of openings in the scanning disc I3 is maskedby a screen II. The distance between the openings in the scanning discI5 is maskedn by a screen I8 so that approximately threefourths of thespace is screened. Thus, as each opening in the scanning disc I3 passesthe'path e-fit influences the photoelectric cell I6 to reproduce animagesignal, and as each opening in the disc I5 passes thepath g-h itinfluences the photoelectric cell I6 to reproduce an audible impulsegenerated from a microphone I9 connected into the transformer adjuster20,

- and translated into a light ray by a tube 2|.

The tube 2| .is adjusted to produce a ray which generates a current inthe photoelectric cell I6 thatwill uctuate in the same amplitudes asthat of the television current generated by the reflected light from theimage on the photoelectric cell` IG. Thus, there isv produced from thetwo sources a variable current in the photoelectric cell I6corresponding in variation of.

amplitudes to that produced by the primary audible signal on the onehand for a portion of the time, and to the image reflection for the-remainder of the time. An apparatus is thus produced whereby a livesubject may speak or generate audible signals and, at the same time, bereproduced as a reflected image.

In Fig. 8 there is illustrated a form of apparatus adapted for thetransmission of the image and audible signals from a standard form of socalled talking moving picture film. This adaptation is necessary,because on the standard film, as is known, the image and the audiblesignalgenerating means are not in alinement. In this apparatus, asillustrated in Fig. l8, the film 22 is formed in a U-shaped loop overrollers 23. The same form of double disc sending apparatus as shown inFig. 6 is employed, therefore, similar parts have been given likereference numerals. The principles are otherwisethe same.

`In Fig. 7 there is shown a further modification of the sendingapparatus in which the scanning discs are arranged in vertical alinementand geared together by gear wheels 24 so that they maybe driven insynchronism. The lm 22 in this instance is moved parallel to theparallel faces of the scanning discs. In this apparatus there are twophotoelectric cells 25 and 26, connected in series. This arrangementpermits the joint transmission of the signals received, the signals-fromthe photoelectric cells 25 and 26 being sent through the sametransmission means. Obviously, this apparatus may be used for object andoriginal audible signals, instead of a combined image and audible signalfilm.

-Fig. 10 represents another form of sending apparatus to be substitutedfor the scanning discs. This construction is of the magnetic raytiltertype of televisor as described heretofore in connection with Fig. 1, thecathode-ray tube I6 issimilar to tube 6 and includes an angular mirrorhaving two faces 29 and 3U. The face 29 reflects the image ray to thephotoelectric cell I6 and the face 39 reflects the audible signal ray tothe same element such as the Braun tube of an ordinary magneticray-tilting type with magnetic deflecting coils for an electronic beamemitted by a filament. This device is illustrated as an alternativemethod of sending the image and audible signals usinga photoelectriccell I6 of the transmitter construction and of the receiving frameof,my.,said prior applications.

When considered as a transmitter it corresponds to my application SerialNo. 389,383, now Patent No,1,790,736, granted Feb. 3, 1931, and whenconsidered as a receiver it corresponds to thereceiving' element of. myU. S. Patents Nos.

' 1,754,491 and 1,810,692. The apparatus, which may be a receiver or atransmitter, comprises a screen formed by conductors 4I and M supportedat right angles to each other and insulated from each other, with heatedlament 39 under the screen.` Conductors 4I are connected' withconsecutive taps of an induction coil 40, and the concelll may beinnuenced to produce a series o! high frequencyv electrical impulses.Vcorresponding to points'on an object, means lfor; translating soundwaves into light. rays and which is positioned i and adapted to vinuencesaid cell successive to and apparently concurrent with reected lightfrom Ethe object, means for .transmitting electrical impulses producedby said cell, and vmeans for receiving said electrical impulses andltransductors -II are similarly connected with taps of an induction coil45, the coils being connected in tuned circuits with transformers I3 and38 whose primaries A2 or 31 may be lconnected with a channel throughwhich a variable frequency scanning /current signal is transmitted. Thecoil l0 may be f` tuned for a lower frequency so that the wave crest may,travel over all the wires 44 while a corresponding crest still remainson a single wire l I. A portion gf--b of the screen can be used forpic'- ture transmission or reception, while the portion c-d may be usedfor audio signal transmission lating them into visible and audiblesignals with carrier wave is first modulated by a line of the orreception. This apparatus is more fully devscribed in my foregoingpatents. 'The taps from the induction coil I5 may be taken offatintervals as shown in the present diagram, the taps running to theaudible signal section of the apparatus. Jlhus. for example, when it isvassumed that an image transmittedv by the transmitter, as disclosed inthis view of the drawings, is two inches Wide, ines representing thewidth of the image and the audible signals will be eighty verticalmembers, of which sixty will represent the image and twenty'the audiblesignal. Thus, the first fifteen vertical elements will be that of theimage, the next ve` vertical elements will represent the audibleimpulses, following across each line in the same sequence. T'herefore,`each line will Ahave four au'dible signal impulses evenly distributedthroughout the line. tracing, and the audible impulses per second of theaudible signal current will be 40x-80X 10 (10 frames per second), or32,000 impulses per second of the audible signal current.

forty lines to the inch, the total number o1' tween the. signals and,causing them to be transmitted and received intermittently instead of'inseries for each line. r l From the foregoing description it will beunderstood that the invention fully accomplishes its purposes. vIt willalso be understood that it may be modified in many particulars withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope thereof.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters -Patent is:

1. An apparatus of the class described com prising means for translatingan audible signal into a light impulse. a transmitter Vapparatus havingan electrical impulseproducing element, means responsive to lightimpulsesV for ,influencphoto-electric' cell, asca'nnin'g disc wherebysaid image and then bya-line of the sound track, and means for'receiving`and Atranslating said modulated carrier wave into visible vand audiblesignals with apparent simultaneousness.

4. The method of transmitting visible and audible signals with apparentsimultaneousness which comprises producing a sound track correspondingto audible signals, producing a carrier wave, scanning alternately andsuccessively line by line an image and the sound track, modulating saidcarrier wave influence of said scanning meansiwhereby the carrier waveis first modulated lby al line of the image and then by a line ofthesound track, and

receiving and translating said modulated wavey into visible'and audiblesignals.

. 5I An apparatus of the class described comprising a transmittingapparatus having a photoelectric impulse producing element, means forsuccessively influencing said Aelement by image reflection and byaudible signals, whereby a chain of impulses produced by said elementmay be transmitted, and means including a source oflight-rays forreceiving the chain of impulses and separating the impulses in saidchain to utilize the portions of the rays produced under the influenceof the image reflection to produce an image and the portions ofthe raysproduced under the influence of audible signals to produce sound.

VVii. A method of transmitting ble signals with apparent simultaneitywhich comprises scanning a picture inline areas, developing from saidscanning aseries of electrical visible and audiimpulses, developingbetweenv successive` line areas a series of impulses corresponding tosound signals, successively modulaitng a, single carrier Aby diblesignals with apparent simultaneity which 'ing said element, means forsuccessively concomprisese scanning a picture in line areas, developingfrom said scanning a series of electrical impulses, developing betweensuccessive line areas a series of impulses corresponding to soundsignals, successively modulating a. single carrier by said signals,transmitting and receiving said carrier, converting said seriesofimpulses into light rays. impressing ray corresponding to vthepicturesignal on a screento form an image, and ,translating .thatportion of the'light rays corresponding to sound into audible signals. Yl Y 8. An apparatus of thelass described comprising means for scanningpicture inline areas by light rays under the that portion of the light..

f corresponding to thereby generating a series of image signal impulses,means for developing between successive line areas a series of impulsescorresponding to soundl signals, means for successively modulating asingle carrier by said signals, means for transmitting and receivingsaid carrier,v and means for translatingv said impulsesinto picture andsound signals.

9. An apparatus of theclass described comprising means for scanning apicture in line areas thereby generating a series of image signalimpulses, means for developing between` successive line areas a seriesof impulses corresponding to sound signals, a single carrier modulatedby said image and sound signal impulses, means for transmitting andreceiving said carrier modulated aforesaid, and means for translatingsaid impulses into picture and sound signals.

10. A method of transmitting visible andaudible signals which comprisesscanning a'picture in line areas, developing from said scanning a seriesof electrical impulses, developing between successive line areas a,series of impulses corresponding to sound signals, modulating a singlecarrier by the aforesaid visible and audible signals, transmitting andreceiving the said carrier, reducing the single carrier toseparateelectrical visible and audible signal impulses, and translating saidelectrical impulses into picture and sound signals.

' 1'1. A composite television and sound transmitter comprising means forscanning a portionvof a .picture less than a whole frame, means for'developing from said scanning a series of image signal impulses, meansfor developing impulses sound signals between said picture signals, asingle photoelectric cell`Y successively actuated by saidy signals, andmeans for transmitting said signals..

12. An apparatus of the class described vcomprising a transmittingapparatus having an electric impulse producing element, a. sound andimage film for successively influencing said ele-y ment by the imagereflection and by the audible signals produced at the end of eachpicture line, means whereby a chain of impulses, produced `by saidelement, may be transmitted comprising a single carrier, and means forreceiving the chain of impulses and separating the impulses in saidchain 4to utilize these produced under the iniiuence of the film imagereiiection to produce and means for receiving said impulses trom saidcarrier wave. and separating and translating the satne to produce visualand audible 15. An apparatus of the class described including incombination means responsive to the presence of a visualA image forcreating an electrical impulse, additional means spaced therefrom andresponsive to the presence of audible signals for creating additionalelectrical impulses, aiilm carrying synchronized images and sound trackthereon, said images and sound track '.being spaced longitudinally ofsaid lm so that when the image of said lm is in registry with the imageresponsive electrical impulse producing element thecorresponding'portion of the sound track is in substantial registry withthe sound responsive electrical impulse producing element, means forsuccessively impressing said line series of image and sound impulsesupon a single v,carrier wave, the sound impulses beingI put on( thecarrier between image impulse series less than a whole frame but equalto or greater than a line, and means for receiving said impulses f fromsaid carrier wave and separating and translating same to produce visualand audible signals.` 16. An apparatus of the class described comandreceiving said signalY impulses, and means an image and those producedlunder the influence Y of the film audible signal reection to produce 1sound.

13. 'I'he method of transmitting visible and audible signals withapparentsimultaneousness whichcomprises modulating 'a single lightsensitive source by a light-influenced by a sound and image film therebyproducing successively series of electrical impulses correspondingA tovisible signals and a series o'f electrical-impulses corresponding toaudible signals and produced at the end of each picture line, impressingthe series of impulses upon a carrier, and receiving and translatingsaid impulses into visible and audible signals.

for -translating said impulses into pictureand sound signals. f

17. A method of transmitting visible and audible signals which comprisesscanning -a picture in line areas, developing from said scanning aseries ofelectrical impulses, developing between successive line areas aseriesoi' impulses corresponding to sound signals, successivelytransmitting and receiving said signall impulses, and translating saidimpulses intopicture and sound signals. I

18. An apparatus of the class described com-- prising means for scanninga picture in line areas, means for developing a series of partialimpulses which when integrated correspond to a sound signal, a carrier,means for placing a picture line signal von'tlie carrier, means forplacing a portion of the sound signal on the carrier in betweensuccessive picture line signals, and means for translating said impulsesinto picture andsound signals.,A

19. The method of transmitting visible and audible signals comprisingscanning a picture in line areas, developing a series of partialimpulses which whenintegrated correspond to a sound signal, placingpicture line signals on a carrier,

placing sound signals on the carrier in between 14. An apparatus of theclass described comprising a station for initiating electrical impulsesresponsive to the presence of a visual image, a station for creatingelectrical impulses responsive to audible signals spaced successive-i 1ybetween visual electrical impulse series of less than a whole frame butequal to or greater than a line, means for impressing said visual a linescanning period but less than a frame pe riod, and translating saidimpulses and sound signals. t

20. In an electronic television system a receiver for signalsalternately corresponding to picturelight and related sound-light.comprising means,

including a scanner for translating said signals into light and forlocating said light upon a' eld in distinct areas of picture-light andsoundlight, the scanner being Isynchronised and the eld beingproportioned according to the occurrence of the two types of signals,the pictures being displayed upon the picture-light area ofthe iield,and means for translating the sound-light and audible impulses `on asingle carrier wave or theeld into sounds related to the pictures.

into picture 21. In anelectronc television receiver for the reception ofsignals alternately corresponding to picture and sound intensities,means for converting `said signals into light intensities, a screen di.lvided into picture reproduction and sound-light receiving sections, saidsound-light receiving section being relatively small withI respect tothe picture reproduction section, a scanner for directing `the lightintensities onto said screen synchronized with said signals to directthe alternate picture and sound light intensities to the respectivesections of the screen, said picture-light intensities producing on thescreen an image of the picture, and means for reconvertng the soundlightintensities on the screen to sound.

- GEORGE WALD.n

